Genetic identiication of parameters the piezoelectric transducers for digital model of power converter in ultrasonic systems

This chapter is dedicated to ultrasonic piezoelectric ceramic power transducers. These elements are now the most popular source of high power ultrasound and is used in many industrial applications. High power ultrasonic waves are generally used in such industrial processes as welding, acceleration of chemical reactions, scavenging in gas medium, echo sounding and underwater communication (sonar systems), picture transmission, and, above all, ultrasonic cleaning. In practice is now the most widely used the sandwich type power transducers. Stage design power converters high power ultrasonic devices usually preceded by computer analysis of currents and voltages waveforms the elements of the system, particularly in semiconductor instruments of power. Competent representation requires the use of these waveforms of electrical models of piezoelectric ceramic transducers under the parameters of line with reality and allows to calculate the electrical operating parameters used in the layout of semiconductor switches, capacitors and reactors. The proposed method in the chapter to identify the parameters using a genetic algorithm is one of many possible methods to use here, but has the advantage that it can be implemented automatically. For example the standard ultrasonic system for cleaning technology (Fig.1.1) includes: 1. ultrasonic generator, 2. transducer or set of transducers, 3. cleaning tank. Piezoelectric ceramic transducers placed in the tub generate ultrasonic waves that pass through the liquid and reach the element immersed in the tank. As a result, created in the liquid, with very high frequency, alternating areas of high and low pressure. In areas, where low pressure is forming millions of bubbles of vacuum. When the pressure in the alveoli increases and is high enough, bubbles implode, releasing enormous energy at the same time. This phenomenon is called cavitation. Emerging implosions work as a whole series of small cleaning brush. The phenomenon is spreading in all directions and causes intense but controlled detachment of particles of pollutants on the entire surface of cleaning detail. Washed away dirt particles collect on the surface of the cleaning solution from where they are blown into a nearby basin, and then be filtered and recycled. 7